Playwright and actor
Novelist
Writer and poet
Volleyball player
Italian-Peruvian naturalist and geographer
Singer and percussionist
Last Inca emperor
Politician, former prime Minister
Journalist and TV host
Poet
Inca warrior
Actor and comedian
Biophysicist
Poet
Doctor and researcher
Businessman, Interbank group
Journalist and writer
Poet and writer
Singer and songwriter
Writer
Film director, Berlin Golden Bear winner
Football player
Writer and journalist
Doctor and scientist
Photograph
Chess player
Industrialist
Former general
Specialist in public health
Actress and singer
Afro-Peruvian music singer
Mathematician and engineer
Indigenous chronicler
Neurologist and anthropologist
Painter
Football player
National hero, military leader
Intellectual and reformer
Chef and entrepreneur
Fashion designer
Singer-songwriter
TV presenter
Marathon runner
Indigenous Peruvian chronicler
Theologian
Former national team captain
Economist and former health minister
Inca princess
Writer and television host
Folk musician
Poet and guerrilla
Former UN secretary-general
Chef, known for fusion cuisine
Football player
Peruvian aviation pioneer
Poet and artist
Marxist philosopher and writer
Industrialist and businessman
Novelist and ethnologist
Painter and muralist
Opera tenor
Fashion designer
Cardinal of Lima
Peruvian tennis player
Football coach
Leader of the indigenous rebellion
Military hero
War of the Pacific hero
The youngest mother in history
Politician
Creole music singer
Tennis player
Musician
Writer and politician
Politician and founder of the Christian Democratic Party
Founder of Sodalitium Christianae Vitae
Archaeologist and anthropologist
Military leader and politician
Television host
Actress and singer
Contemporary sculptor
Women’s rights activist
Beauty queen
Astrophysicist
Heroine of independence
Mathematician and archaeologist
Historian and anthropologist
Military figure and historical figure
Fashion photographer
Writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Politician
Revolutionary leader
Environmental activist
Leader of the indigenous rebellion
Musician from Gaia band
War hero
Military leader and politician
Chef, known for Nikkei cuisine
Volleyball coach and former player
Environmental activist
Television personality
Writer
Football player
Epidemiologist and former health Minister
Inventor and aerospace pioneer
Soldier and inventor
Rock singer
Chef and co-owner of Central restaurant
Painter
Football player
TV presenter and actress
Actor
Writer and historian
Journalist and lawyer
Archaeologist, founder of Caral site
Monk and Saint
Saint, patron of Latin America
Physicist and engineer
World champion surfer
Actress
Oncologist
Singer, Latin Grammy winner
Former mayor of Lima
Singer
Actress
Former football player
Painter
Former football player
Painter
Inca leader
Archbishop, saint
Leader of the indigenous rebellion
Revolutionary indigenous leader
Diplomat and intellectual
Sculptor and painter
Political leader, founder of APRA
Lawyer and Former prime minister
Chef of Central restaurant
Former head of secret services
Popular singer
Fashion designer
Exotic music singer
Clorinda Matto de Turner, born on September 11, 1852, in Cusco and passed away on October 25, 1909, in Buenos Aires, is one of the most important figures in 19th-century Peruvian and Latin American literature. A writer, journalist, and activist, she is best known for her socially engaged literary work, which denounces the injustices suffered by indigenous populations in Peru. Through her novels, journalistic articles, and essays, Matto de Turner played a crucial role in raising awareness of the living conditions of indigenous peoples and in promoting social and political reforms.
Born into a mestizo family in Cusco, Clorinda Matto de Turner grew up in an environment where Andean culture and Spanish traditions intertwined. From a young age, she developed a love for reading and writing, leading her to publish her first texts in local newspapers as a teenager.
In 1871, she married the English businessman Joseph Turner, but after his death in 1878, Matto de Turner devoted herself fully to writing and journalism. She directed several newspapers and magazines, where she advocated for progressive ideas on education, women's rights, and indigenous rights.
Clorinda Matto de Turner's work is deeply influenced by her commitment to the rights of indigenous Peruvians. In her writings, she sought to denounce the abuses and exploitation suffered by these populations, particularly at the hands of Spanish colonizers and local authorities. Her most famous work, the novel « Aves sin nido » (1889), highlights the social and economic injustices faced by indigenous people, focusing on the abuses of power committed by local priests and officials.
This novel, considered one of the first social novels in Latin American literature, had a significant impact at the time of its publication. It sparked widespread debate on the need for social and political reforms. However, it also drew criticism and attacks, particularly from the Catholic Church, which saw her work as a challenge to its authority and practices.
In addition to her literary work, Clorinda Matto de Turner was also a prolific journalist. She directed several publications, such as « El Recreo » and « El Perú Ilustrado », where she wrote on a wide range of topics, including politics, education, culture, and women's rights. She was a strong advocate for women's education, seeing it as a key tool for empowering women and granting them independence in a male-dominated society.
Through her journalism, Matto de Turner also championed greater inclusion of indigenous populations in Peruvian society. She called for educational and social reforms that would enable indigenous peoples to fully participate in national life while respecting their traditions and culture.
Due to her progressive views and open criticisms of religious and political authorities, Clorinda Matto de Turner often faced attacks. In 1895, following a conservative coup in Peru, her writings were deemed subversive, and she was forced to flee the country. She went into exile in Argentina, where she continued writing and working as a journalist, maintaining her commitment to defending the rights of indigenous people and women.
Despite the challenges of exile, Matto de Turner remained determined in her fight for social justice. In