WikiPeru • The Encyclopedia of Peru
David Samanez Ocampo, born on November 4, 6 in Andahuaylas, was a Peruvian politician who played a key role in Peru’s political transition at a critical moment in its history. Although he served as president of Peru only briefly in 1931, his term as provisional president was crucial for restoring order and paving the way for democratic elections after a series of political crises.
Samanez Ocampo spent most of his career as a local official and farmer in the Andahuaylas region, where he was widely respected for his integrity and sense of justice. His reputation for fairness and dedication to the well-being of his fellow citizens earned him national recognition. In the early 20th century, Peru was marked by military coups, political unrest, and a succession of unstable governments.
In 1930, after the fall of President Augusto B. Leguía, Peru was plunged into a period of great instability. General Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro seized power through a coup but soon resigned amid growing opposition. In this context, Samanez Ocampo was asked to take the presidency as a provisional leader. At the age of 65, he was recognized for his wisdom and impartiality, making him an ideal transitional figure capable of restoring stability.
Samanez Ocampo’s tenure as provisional president, from March to December 1931, was short but critical. He successfully organized free elections, marking a return to democracy after years of military dictatorship. Under his leadership, electoral reforms were implemented, including the establishment of secret ballots and more transparent voter registration systems. These elections led to the election of Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro, who returned to power democratically after winning the presidential race.
After his term ended, Samanez Ocampo retired from political life, but he left behind an important legacy as a transitional leader who helped Peru regain a degree of democratic stability. He passed away in 1947, leaving an example of leadership based on integrity, moderation, and respect for democratic processes.